Global research trends in cardiac arrest research: a visual analysis of the literature based on CiteSpace

doi:10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2022.071

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The high morbidity, high mortality and low survival rate of cardiac arrest (CA) cause a heavy global burden. We aimed to analyze the changes in scientific output related to CA over the past two decades.

METHODS: We analyzed the scientific output related to CA from 2000 to 2020 via the Web of Science. The data were analyzed using CiteSpace software.

RESULTS: In total, 28,312 articles relating to CA were identified in the Web of Science. The volume of scientific research output in the field of global CA research was mainly distributed in the Americas, Europe and Asia, covering a wide range. Of the 28,312 articles, the research content of the highly cited literature mainly focused on CA, mild hypothermia treatment, and prognosis of CA patients.

CONCLUSION: Various scientific methods were applied to reveal scientific productivity, collaboration, and research hotspots in the CA research field. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), survival and target temperature management are research hotspots. Future research on CA will continue to focus on its treatment and prognosis to improve the survival rate of CA patients.

Key words: Cardiac arrest, Bibliometrics, CiteSpace, Research hotspots, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Shi-jiao Yan, Mei Chen, Jing Wen, Wen-ning Fu, Xing-yue Song, Huan-jun Chen, Ri-xing Wang, Mei-ling Chen, Xiao-tong Han, Chuan-zhu Lyu. Global research trends in cardiac arrest research: a visual analysis of the literature based on CiteSpace[J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2022, 13(4): 290-296.

Figures/Tables 4

Figure 1.

Table 1.

Table 2.

Figure 2.

References 32

1	Wong CX, Brown A, Lau DH, Chugh SS, Albert CM, Kalman JM, et al. Epidemiology of sudden cardiac death: global and regional perspectives. Heart Lung Circ. 2019; 28(1): 6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.08.026
2	Xu F, Zhang Y, Chen YG. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in China: current situation and future development. JAMA Cardiol. 2017; 2(5): 469-70. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2017.0035
3	Shao F, Li CS, Liang LR, Qin J, Ding N, Fu Y, et al. Incidence and outcome of adult in-hospital cardiac arrest in Beijing, China. Resuscitation. 2016; 102: 51-6. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.02.002 pmid: 26924514
4	Andersen LW, Holmberg MJ, Berg KM, Donnino MW, Granfeldt A. In-hospital cardiac arrest: a review. JAMA. 2019; 321(12): 1200-10. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.1696 pmid: 30912843
5	Hassager C, Ken NG, Hildick-Smith D. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: in-hospital intervention strategies. Lancet. 2018; 391(10124): 989-98. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30315-5
6	Myat A, Song KJ, Rea T. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: current concepts. Lancet. 2018; 391(10124): 970-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30472-0
7	Chen CM. Searching for intellectual turning points: progressive knowledge domain visualization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004; 101(Suppl 1): 5303-10. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307513100
8	Chen CM. CiteSpace II: detecting and visualizing emerging trends and transient patterns in scientific literature. J Am Soc Inf Sci Technol. 2006; 57(3): 359-77. doi: 10.1002/asi.20317
9	Chen CM, Chen Y, Horowitz M, Hou HY, Liu ZY, Pellegrino D. Towards an explanatory and computational theory of scientific discovery. J Informetr. 2009; 3(3): 191-209. doi: 10.1016/j.joi.2009.03.004
10	Nielsen N, Wetterslev J, Cronberg T, Erlinge D, Gasche Y, Hassager C, et al. Targeted temperature management at 33℃ versus 36℃ after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 2013; 369(23): 2197-206. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1310519
11	Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest Study Group. Mild therapeutic hypothermia to improve the neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346(8): 549-56. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa012689
12	Bernard SA, Gray TW, Buist MD, Jones BM, Silvester W, Gutteridge G, et al. Treatment of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with induced hypothermia. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346(8): 557-63. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa003289
13	Nichol G, Thomas E, Callaway CW, Hedges J, Powell JL, Aufderheide TP, et al. Regional variation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest incidence and outcome. JAMA. 2008; 300(12): 1423-31. doi: 10.1001/jama.300.12.1423
14	Wissenberg M, Lippert FK, Folke F, Weeke P, Hansen CM, Christensen EF, et al. Association of national initiatives to improve cardiac arrest management with rates of bystander intervention and patient survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. JAMA. 2013; 310(13): 1377-84. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.278483 pmid: 24084923
15	Sasson C, Rogers MAM, Dahl J, Kellermann AL. Predictors of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2010; 3(1): 63-81. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.889576
16	Ge XS. Clinical analysis of the causes of cardiac arrest during thoracotomy in general thoracic surgery. Chin J Mod Drug Appl. 2016; 10(9):63-4.
17	Michaelis P, Leone RJ. Cardiac arrest after cardiac surgery: an evidence-based resuscitation protocol. Crit Care Nurse. 2019; 39(1): 15-25. doi: 10.4037/ccn2019309 pmid: 30710033
18	Kumar A, Avishay DM, Jones CR, Shaikh JD, Kaur R, Aljadah M, et al. Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2021; 22(1):147-58. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm.2021.01.207
19	Li XD, Zheng K, Ma QB. Telephone-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2020; 41(2):107-10.
20	Fan KL, Leung LP, Poon HT, Chiu HY, Liu HL, Tang WY. Public knowledge of how to use an automatic external defibrillator in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J. 2016; 22(6): 582-8. pmid: 27795448
21	Panchal AR, Berg KM, Hirsch KG, Kudenchuk PJ, del Rios M, Cabañas JG, et al. 2019 American Heart Association focused update on advanced cardiovascular life support: use of advanced airways, vasopressors, and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation during cardiac arrest: an update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2019; 140(24): e881-94. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000732
22	Idris AH, Guffey D, Pepe PE, Brown SP, Brooks SC, Callaway CW, et al. Chest compression rates and survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med. 2015; 43(4): 840-8. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000000824
23	Olasveengen TM, Mancini ME, Perkins GD, Avis S, Brooks S, Castrén M, et al. Adult basic life support: 2020 international consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations. Circulation. 2020; 142(16_suppl_1): S41-91.
24	Handley AJ, Handley JA. Performing chest compressions in a confined space. Resuscitation. 2004; 61(1): 55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2003.11.012
25	Panchal AR, Bartos JA, Cabañas JG, Donnino MW, Drennan IR, Hirsch KG, et al. Part 3: Adult basic and advanced life support: 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2020; 142(16_suppl_2):S366-468. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000916 pmid: 33081529
26	Taccone FS, Picetti E, Vincent JL. High quality targeted temperature management (TTM) after cardiac arrest. Crit Care. 2020; 24(1): 6. doi: 10.1186/s13054-019-2721-1
27	Chien YS, Tsai MS, Huang CH, Lai CH, Huang WC, Chan L, et al. Outcomes of targeted temperature management for in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a matched case-control study using the database of Taiwan network of targeted temperature management for cardiac arrest (TIMECARD) registry. Med Sci Monit. 2021; 27: e931203.
28	Nolan JP, Maconochie I, Soar J, Olasveengen TM, Greif R, Wyckoff MH, et al. Executive summary: 2020 international consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations. Circulation. 2020; 142(16_suppl_1): S2-27.
29	Berg KM, Cheng A, Panchal AR, Topjian AA, Aziz K, Bhanji F, et al. Part 7: systems of care: 2020 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2020; 142(16_suppl_2): S580-604.
30	Mody P, Kulkarni N, Khera R, Link MS. Targeted temperature management for cardiac arrest. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2019; 62(3): 272-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.05.007
31	Huang Y, He Q. A brief interpretation of 2020 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care (Part Ⅳ) —Adult basic and advanced life support. Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2020; 41(12):1345-52.
32	Merchant RM, Topjian AA, Panchal AR, Cheng A, Aziz K, Berg KM, et al. Part 1: executive summary: 2020 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2020; 142(16_suppl_2): S337-57.

Rank	Country/region	Frequency
1	USA	11,466
2	China	2,105
3	England	2,041
4	Canada	1,811
5	Germany	1,798
6	Japan	1,792
7	Australia	1,387
8	Italy	1,314
9	France	1,232
10	South Korea	1,109
11	Netherlands	974
12	Sweden	864
13	Austria	676
14	Denmark	675
15	Switzerland	659
16	Norway	609
17	Spain	548
18	Belgium	501
19	Turkey	483
20	Finland	414

Keywords	Frequency	Keywords	Centrality
Cardiac arrest	9,000	Cardiopulmonary resuscitation	1.28
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation	6,347	Survival	1.01
Survival	4,023	Cardiac arrest	1.00
Resuscitation	3,322	Hospital cardiac arrest	0.99
Hospital cardiac arrest	2,700	Therapeutic hypothermia	0.91
Mortality	2,329	Hypothermia	0.89
Outcome	2,278	Mortality	0.84
Ventricular fibrillation	1,680	Comatose survivor	0.82
Guideline	1,679	Emergency medical service	0.82
Management	1,597	Medical emergency team	0.81

[1]	Hong-li Xiao, Lian-xing Zhao, Jun Yang, Nan Tong, Le An, Guo-xing Wang, Miao-rong Xie, Chun-sheng Li. Increasing angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2/ACE axes ratio alleviates early pulmonary vascular remodeling in a porcine model of acute pulmonary embolism with cardiac arrest [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2022, 13(3): 208-214.
[2]	Chao-yu Lei, Heng-wei Qin, Xue-jie Dong, Jia-lin You, Lin Zhang. Layperson’s performance on an unconversant type of AED device: A prospective crossover simulation experimental study [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2022, 13(2): 98-105.
[3]	Ryan W. Horton, Kian R. Niknam, Viveta Lobo, Kathryn H. Pade, Drew Jones, Kenton L. Anderson. A cadaveric model for transesophageal echocardiography transducer placement training: A pilot study [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2022, 13(1): 18-22.
[4]	Ji-yang Ling, Chun-sheng Li, Yun Zhang, Xiao-li Yuan, Bo Liu, Yong Liang, Qiang Zhang. Protective effect of extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation combined with cardiopulmonary resuscitation on post-resuscitation lung injury [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2021, 12(4): 303-308.
[5]	Wei-jing Shao, Ting-ting Shu, Shuang Xu, Li-cai Liang, Jehane Michael Le Grange, Yu-ran Zhou, He Huang, Yu Cai, Qing Zhang, Peng Sun. Left-sided vagus nerve stimulation improves cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcomes in rats as effectively as right-sided vagus nerve stimulation [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2021, 12(4): 309-316.
[6]	Xue-jie Dong, Lin Zhang, Yue-lin Yu, Shu-xiao Shi, Xiao-chen Yang, Xiao-qian Zhang, Shuang Tian, Helge Myklebust, Guo-hong Li, Zhi-jie Zheng. The general public’s ability to operate automated external defibrillator: A controlled simulation study [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2020, 11(4): 238-245.
[7]	Alexei Birkun, Fatima Trunkwala, Adhish Gautam, Miriam Okoroanyanwu, Adesokan Oyewumi. Availability of basic life support courses for the general populations in India, Nigeria and the United Kingdom: An internet-based analysis [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2020, 11(3): 133-139.
[8]	Jung Wan Kim, Jin Woong Lee, Seung Ryu, Jung Soo Park, InSool Yoo, Yong Chul Cho, Hong Joon Ahn. Changes in peak inspiratory flow rate and peak airway pressure with endotracheal tube size during chest compression [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2020, 11(2): 97-101.
[9]	Ye-cheng Liu, Yan-meng Qi, Hui Zhang, Joseph Walline, Hua-dong Zhu. A survey of ventilation strategies during cardiopulmonary resuscitation [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2019, 10(4): 222-227.
[10]	Israel Olatunji Gabriel, Joel O. Aluko. Theoretical knowledge and psychomotor skill acquisition of basic life support training programme among secondary school students [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2019, 10(2): 81-87.
[11]	Alexei Birkun, Yekaterina Kosova. Social attitude and willingness to attend cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and perform resuscitation in the Crimea [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2018, 9(4): 237-248.
[12]	Alexei Birkun, Maksim Glotov, Herman Franklin Ndjamen, Esther Alaiye, Temidara Adeleke, Sergey Samarin. Pre-recorded instructional audio vs. dispatchers’ conversational assistance in telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A randomized controlled simulation study [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2018, 9(3): 165-171.
[13]	Alexei Birkun, Maksim Glotov. Education in cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Russia: A systematic review of the available evidence [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2017, 8(4): 245-252.
[14]	Ling Zhou, Hui Li, Hong-yan Wei, Chun-lin Hu, Xiao-li Jing, Hong Zhan, Xiao-xing Liao, Xin Li. Study on the development and usage of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation time point recorder [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2017, 8(3): 195-199.
[15]	Chennappa Kalvatala Krishna, Hakim Irfan Showkat, Meenakshi Taktani, Vikram Khatri. Out of hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation outcome in North India — CARO study [J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2017, 8(3): 200-205.