Enterogenous infection of Candida albicans in immunocompromised rats under severe acute pancreatitis

doi:10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2016.04.010

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Opportunistic infection of Candida albicans (C. albicans) has become a serious problem in immunocompromised patients. The study aimed to explore the mechanism of enterogenous infection of C. albicans in immunocompromised rats under severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).
METHODS: Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n=100) were randomly assigned into 5 groups as the following: blank group, cyclophosphamide+ceftriaxone+SAP group, cyclophosphamide+ceftriaxone group, cyclophosphamide+SAP group, and cyclophosphamide group. The rats were sacrificed at 5 and 10 days, and their jejunum, colon, mesenteric lymph nodes, pancreas, intestinal content, and blood were quickly collected to detect C. albicans. A region of the 25S rRNA gene was chosen and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to differentiate C. albicans genotypes. The ampliﬁed products were further sequenced and compared to judge their homology.
RESULTS: Compared with the Cyclophosphamide group, the combination of immunosuppressants and broad-spectrum antibiotics significantly increased the colonization of C. albicans in intestine in 5 and 10 days. Pure SAP stress did not increase the opportunistic infection of C. albicans. The PCR products of C. albicans isolates all belonged to the genotype A family, and sequence alignment showed that the ampliﬁed fragments were homologous.
CONCLUSION: The damage of immune system and broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents are important risk factors for opportunistic fungal infection. Intestinal tract is an important source for genotype-A C. albicans to translocate and invade into bloodstream.

Key words: Candida albicans, Immunosuppression, Severe acute pancreatitis, Genotype

Xiang-wang Zhao, Lei Yan, Dan Xu, Yu-hui Cui, Chun-hui Yang, Yan-jun Zhou, Jian-guo Tang. Enterogenous infection of Candida albicans in immunocompromised rats under severe acute pancreatitis[J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2016, 7(4): 294-299.

Figures/Tables 5

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Tissues	Group B		Group C		Group CC		Group CS		Group CCS
Tissues	5 days	10 days	5 days	10 days	5 days	10 days	5 days	10 days	5 days	10 days
Bloodstream	0^*	0	0	0	6^a	4	2	0	4	4
Mesenteric lymph nodes	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
Pancreas	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
Intestinal content	0	0	1	0	7^a	6^a	4	4	4	6^a
Jejunum	0	0	1	0	5	3	4	2	3	3
Colon	0	0	1	1	6	5	5	3	4	4
Total samples 600						Total positive samples 104

Groups	Blood	Intestinal contents	Jejunum	Colon	Lymph nodes	Pancreas
Group CC ( 5 days)
Blood	—	99.6	99.6	100.0	—	—
Intestinal contents	99.6	—	99.4	75.8	—	—
Jejunum	99.6	99.4	—	99.4	—	—
Colon	100.0	75.8	99.4	—	—	—
Group CC (10 days)
Blood	—	97.8	99.6	98.3	—	—
Intestinal contents	97.8	—	99.6	98.3	—	—
Jejunum	99.6	99.6	—	98.3	—	—
Colon	98.3	98.3	98.3	—	—	—
Group CS (5 days)
Blood	—	98.1	100.0	100.0	—	—
Intestinal contents	98.1	—	100.0	99.8	—	—
Jejunum	100.0	100.0	—	100.0	—	—
Colon	100.0	99.8	100.0	—	—	—
Group CS (10 days)
Blood	—	—	—	—	—	—
Intestinal contents	—	—	99.4	89.8	—	—
Jejunum	—	99.4	—	92.1	—	—
Colon	—	89.8	92.1	—	—	—
Group CCS (5 days)
Blood	—	—	100.00	99.8	—	92.1
Intestinal contents	—	—	100.00	99.8	—	90.7
Jejunum	100.00	100.00	—	99.8	—	96.1
Colon	99.8	99.8	99.8	—	—	99.4
Pancreas	92.1	90.7	96.1	99.4	—	—
Group CCS (10 days)
Blood	—	99.4	99.6	99.4	98.2	—
Intestinal contents	99.4	—	99.8	100.0	99.4	—
Jejunum	99.6	99.8	—	99.8	95.6	—
Colon	99.4	100.00	99.8	—	95.8	—
Lymph nodes	98.2	99.4	95.6	95.8	—	—
Group C (5 days)
Blood	—	—	—	—	—	—
Intestinal contents	—	—	99.0	99.8	—	—
Jejunum	—	99.0	—	98.7	—	—
Colon	—	99.8	98.7	—	—	—
Group C (10 days)
Blood	—	—	100.0	99.8	—	92.1
Intestinal contents	—	—	—	—	—	—
Jejunum	—	—	—	—	—	—
Colon	—	—	—	—	—	—

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