Effect of SP-A/B in lipoic acid on acute paraquat poisoning

doi:10.5847/wjem.j.issn.1920-8642.2014.01.010

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to observe the concentration of SP-A/B and the pulmonary surfactant in the lung tissue of rats with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by paraquat poisoning after the treatment of metabolic antioxidant-lipoic acid and whether its influence was related to TNF-α.
METHODS: Sixty-six male Sprage-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group (NS group), 6 rats; paraquat poisoning group (PQ group), 30 rats; and paraquat+lipoic acid treatment group (LA group), 30 rats. The rats in the PQ and LA groups were subdivided into 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 48-hour subgroups, with 6 rats in each group. After the rats were sacrificed, lung tissue from the same part was taken from the rats. After HE staining, histological changes were observed in the tissue under a light microscope. Lung tissue was also taken to test the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Whole blood (0.8 mL) without anticoagulant was drawn from the tail vein of rats for the determination of the TNF-α level. The total RNA of the lung tissue was collected, and the Rt-PCR method was used to measure the levels of SP-A and SP-B mRNA.
RESULTS: HE staining showed that histopathological changes were milder in the LA group than in the PQ group. There were significant differences in MDA and SOD levels between different intervals both in intergroups and intragroups except the 3-hour subgroup (P<0.01). Likewise, the significant differences in the levels of TNF-α were also present between the three groups and between different intervals (P<0.01). The significant differences in SP-A mRNA and SP-B mRNA amplification ratio were seen between the three groups at the same intervals (P<0.01), but the differences between different intervals in the PQ group were statistically significant (P<0.05). The differences between different intervals in the LA group were statistically significant (P<0.01).
CONCLUSION: Lipoic acid in acute paraquat poisoning could diminish lung tissue damage by regulating directly tumor necrosis factor and indirectly the content of pulmonary surfactant so as to reduce pulmonary edema, improve lung compliance, and finally protect lung tissues.

Key words: Lipoic acid, Paraquat, Acute lung injury, Surfactant protein, Tumor necrosis factor-α, Oxygen free radical, Superoxide dimutase, Malonaldehyde

Shou-peng Li, Ji-yuan Han, Peng Sun, Guo-yan Wu, Xiang-yan Bai. Effect of SP-A/B in lipoic acid on acute paraquat poisoning[J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2014, 5(1): 57-62.

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Groups	3 h	6 h	12 h	24 h	48 h	F	P<
NS	3.904±0.200	3.904±0.200	3.904±0.200	3.904±0.200	3.904±0.200	0
PQ	4.476±0.300	5.620±0.402	7.633±0.497	8.220±0.395	10.197±1.213	65.938	0.01
LA	4.194±0.440	5.131±0.236	6.592±0.454	7.408±0.400	8.744±0.787	80.502	0.01
F	3.772	50.551	152.092	260.045	87.925
P	0.163	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001

Groups	3 h	6 h	12 h	24 h	48 h	F	P<
NS	175.189±11.047	175.189±11.047	175.189±11.047	175.189±11.047	175.189±11.047	0
PQ	155.290±18.195	149.808±19.581	132.696±7.071	127.345±8.913	117.764±14.205	7.025	0.01
LA	162.591±8.331	151.976±9.709	139.179±2.886	132.381±6.414	123.292±5.663	29.789	0.01
F	1.983	9.402	111.5882	49.329	41.485
P	0.172	0.002	0.001	0.001	0.001

Groups	3 h	6 h	12 h	24 h	48 h	F	P<
NS	13.838±0.684	13.838±0.684	13.838±0.684	13.838±0.684	13.838±0.684	0
PQ	16.782±1.047	23.743±1.002	31.688±1.978	38.281±2.999	44.990±2.260	19.543	0.01
LA	14.339±2.550	21.828±1.762	28.139±1.762	31.742±1.436	40.666±1.576	10.340	0.01
F	66.166	207.620	379.197	288.939	695.125
P	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001

Groups	3 h	6 h	12 h	24 h	48 h	F	P<
NS	1.03±0.015	1.03±0.015	1.03±0.015	1.03±0.015	1.03±0.015	0
PQ	0.72±0.035	0.47±0.032	0.25±0.051	0.13±0.046	0.09±0.041	24.749	0.05
LA	0.94±0.041	0.85±0.019	0.43±0.029	0.30±0.065	0.18±0.034	32.673	0.01
F	248.804	534.160	147.765	236.630	349.001
P	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001

Groups	3 h	6 h	12 h	24 h	48 h	F	P<
NS	1.06±0.025	1.06±0.025	1.06±0.025	1.06±0.025	1.06±0.025	0
PQ	0.54±0.044	0.39±0.041	0.34±0.037	0.21±0.036	0.12±0.043	64.269	0.05
LA	0.91±0.036	0.72±0.056	0.45±0.051	0.29±0.021	0.24±0.056	93.421	0.01
F	632.007	918.273	131.827	219.255	196.001
P	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001