Effects of Maxingloushi decoction on immune inflammation and programmed death markers in mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

doi:10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2022.023

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: To investigate effects of Maxingloushi decoction on lung inflammation and programmed death markers (programmed death-1 [PD-1], programmed death-ligand 1 [PD-L1]) in the lung tissue, peripheral blood, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BLF) in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
METHODS: Thirty-six mature male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into normal group (group A, n=6), COPD model group (group B, n=10), Maxingloushi decoction + COPD group (group C, n=10), and PD-1 inhibitor + COPD group (group D, n=10). The COPD model was established by smoke inhalation combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in plasma and BLF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histopathological techniques were used to semi-quantitatively analyze the immuno-fluorescence optical density (IOD) value of the lung tissue.
RESULTS: In plasma and BLF, the expression of PD-1 in the group B was higher than that in the group A, and the expression of PD-L1 was lower than that in the group A. The expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in the lung tissue was normalized in the group C in comparison with the group B (P<0.05) and the group D (P<0.05), and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissue was also improved.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings reveal that COPD causes an immune imbalance in the peripheral blood and lung tissue, and that both Maxingloushi decoction and PD-1 inhibitor treatment can mitigate lung inflammation in COPD by reducing PD-1 expression and increasing PD-L1 expression. The treatment effect of Maxingloushi decoction may be superior to that of PD-1 inhibitor.

Key words: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Programmed death-1, Programmed death-ligand 1, Mice, Immune, Maxingloushi decoction

Li Li, Jun Yan, Lin-qin Ma, Wei Bi, Cai-jun Wu. Effects of Maxingloushi decoction on immune inflammation and programmed death markers in mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2022, 13(1): 40-45.

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Groups	n	PD-1	PD-L1
Group A	9	386.26±85.41^*	37,193.11±7,382.04^*
Group B	9	27,748.31±7,532.47	4,159.88±389.25
Group C	9	3,484.48±922.72^*#	15,582.37±2,804.94^*#
Group D	9	4,527.86±1,122.84^*	7,807.50±2,660.21^*

Groups	n	PD-1 (plasma)	PD-L1 (plasma)	PD-1 (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid)	PD-L1 (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid)
Group A	6	132.65±4.43^*	14.76±1.13^*	88.24±5.90^*	6.92±0.69^*
Group B	10	416.56±8.80	2.52±0.62	295.20±18.12	1.43±0.25
Group C	10	388.50±11.87^*#	5.15±0.73^*#	252.33±6.24^*#	2.58±0.37^*#
Group D	10	401.83±10.95^*	3.52±0.90^*	275.21±14.15^*	1.66±0.42

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