Comparison of clinical characteristics in patients with coronavirus disease and influenza A in Guangzhou, China

doi:10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2021.04.006

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: This study aims to compare the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics between patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and influenza A (H1N1), and to develop a differentiating model and a simple scoring system.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data from patients with COVID-19 and H1N1. The logistic regression model based on clinical and laboratory characteristics was constructed to distinguish COVID-19 from H1N1. Scores were assigned to each of independent discrimination factors based on their odds ratios. The performance of the prediction model and scoring system was assessed.
RESULTS: A total of 236 patients were recruited, including 20 COVID-19 patients and 216 H1N1 patients. Logistic regression revealed that age >34 years, temperature ≤37.5 °C, no sputum or myalgia, lymphocyte ratio ≥20% and creatine kinase-myocardial band isoenzyme (CK-MB) >9.7 U/L were independent differentiating factors for COVID-19. The area under curves (AUCs) of the prediction model and scoring system in differentiating COVID-19 from H1N1 were 0.988 and 0.962, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: There are certain differences in clinical and laboratory features between patients with COVID-19 and H1N1. The simple scoring system may be a useful tool for the early identification of COVID-19 patients from H1N1 patients.

Key words: Coronavirus disease, Influenza A, Clinical characteristics

Wen-qiang Jiang, Xu-sheng Li, Wen-hong Zhong, Lin-qiang Huang, Xiao-jun Lin, Miao-yun Wen, Yu-jun Deng, Xin Li, Hong-ke Zeng. Comparison of clinical characteristics in patients with coronavirus disease and influenza A in Guangzhou, China[J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2021, 12(4): 287-292.

Figures/Tables 2

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Variables	B	S.E.	Wald	P-value	AdjustedOR	95% CI for OR		Score^a
Variables	B	S.E.	Wald	P-value	AdjustedOR	Lower limit	Upper limit	Score^a
Age	0.154	0.041	14.277	<0.001	1.167	1.077	1.264	1
Temperature	-2.923	0.901	10.529	0.001	0.054	0.009	0.314	-19 (-1/0.054)
No sputum	2.533	1.116	5.147	0.023	12.591	1.412	112.305	13
Without myalgia	2.961	1.311	5.102	0.024	19.318	1.480	252.214	19
Lymphocyte ratio ≥20%	2.855	1.150	6.167	0.013	17.372	1.825	165.330	17
CK-MB (U/L)	0.087	0.028	9.692	0.002	1.091	1.033	1.152	1
Constant	96.512	32.033	9.078	0.003

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