| Demographic and clinical characteristics | All patients (n=818) | Effective group (n=429) | Ineffective group (n=389) | P-value | | Age, years | 65.0 (53.0-77.0) | 63.0 (52.0-74.5) | 67.0 (55.0-77.0) | 0.007 | | Sex | | | | 0.456 | | Male | 528 (64.5) | 282 (65.7) | 246 (63.2) | | | Female | 290 (35.5) | 147 (34.3) | 143 (36.8) | | | Basic vital signs | | | | | | Temperature, ℃ | 36.6 (36.2-37.0) | 36.7 (36.3-37.0) | 36.5 (36.1-37.0) | 0.014 | | Oxygen saturation, % | 99.0 (97.0-100.0) | 99.0 (98.0-100.0) | 99.0 (97.0-100.0) | 0.050 | | Respiratory rate, breaths/min | 20.0 (19.0-20.0) | 20.0 (19.0-20.0) | 20.0 (20.0-21.0) | 0.004 | | Heart rate, beats/min | 85.0 (73.0-100.0) | 85.0 (74.0-98.0) | 86.0 (72.5-100.0) | 0.890 | | Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 96.0 (83.3-109.0) | 95.0 (83.3-108.0) | 97.0 (82.7-110.3) | 0.506 | | Comordities | | | | | | Diabetes mellitus | 245 (30.0) | 122 (28.4) | 123 (31.6) | 0.321 | | Hypertension | 549 (67.1) | 272 (63.4) | 277 (71.2) | 0.018 | | Chronic liver disease | 102 (12.5) | 51 (11.9) | 51 (13.1) | 0.597 | | Rheumatism | 152 (18.6) | 84 (19.6) | 68 (17.5) | 0.441 | | History of kidney transplantation | 72 (8.8) | 27 (6.3) | 45 (11.6) | 0.008 | | Tumor | 149 (18.2) | 73 (17) | 76 (19.5) | 0.351 | | Chronic renal disease | 512 (62.6) | 256 (59.7) | 256 (65.8) | 0.070 | | ESRD a | 191 (23.3) | 84 (19.6) | 107 (27.5) | 0.007 | | Recent use of hyperkalemia-causing drugs | 310 (37.9) | 155 (36.1) | 155 (39.8) | 0.274 | | Symptoms | | | | | | Peripheral edema | 222 (27.1) | 89 (20.7) | 133 (34.2) | <0.001 | | Oliguria | 157 (19.2) | 63 (14.7) | 94 (24.2) | 0.001 | | Laboratory tests | | | | | | Red blood cell count, ×109/L | 3.4 (2.6-4.0) | 3.4 (2.7-4.0) | 3.4 (2.6-4.0) | 0.926 | | Hemoglobin, g/L | 99.0 (79.0-116.0) | 100.0 (81.0-118.0) | 99.0 (78.0-115.0) | 0.554 | | Platelet count, ×109/L | 192.5 (136.0-248.0) | 192.0 (133.0-240.5) | 193.0 (138.0-257.5) | 0.298 | | Uric acid, μmol/L | 467.5 (362.8-579.3) | 461.0 (362.5-583.5) | 469.0 (363.0-574.0) | 0.885 | | Creatinine, μmol/L | 363.5 (175.0-686.3) | 354.0 (174.0-571.5) | 372.0 (175.5-720.5) | 0.447 | | Urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 22.4 (15.4-31.5) | 21.4 (15.3-31.6) | 23.5 (15.5-31.5) | 0.316 | | eGFR, mL/min | 14.4 (6.5-29.8) | 15.4 (6.7-29.6) | 13.3 (6.0-30.3) | 0.353 | | Na+, mmol/L | 138.0 (134.0-141.0) | 138.0 (134.0-141.0) | 138.0 (134.0-141.0) | 0.603 | | Cl-, mmol/L | 102.0 (97.0-107.0) | 102.0 (97.0-107.0) | 102.8 (97.5-107.0) | 0.603 | | pH | 7.35 (7.33-7.40) | 7.35 (7.33-7.40) | 7.35 (7.33-7.39) | 0.423 | | PaO2, mmHg | 98.3 (78.2-111.0) | 98.7 (79.5-112.5) | 98.0 (75.3-110.0) | 0.475 | | PaCO2, mmHg | 34.9 (30.7-37.9) | 34.9 (31.2-38.5) | 34.8 (30.0-37.7) | 0.479 | | HCO3-, mmol/L | 19.3 (17.4-22.0) | 19.3 (17.5-22.2) | 19.2 (17.3-21.9) | 0.619 | | Lactic acid, mmol/L | 2.0 (1.1-2.5) | 2.0 (1.2-2.6) | 1.9 (1.0-2.4) | 0.007 |
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