Left-sided vagus nerve stimulation improves cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcomes in rats as effectively as right-sided vagus nerve stimulation

Wei-jing Shao, Ting-ting Shu, Shuang Xu, Li-cai Liang, Jehane Michael Le Grange, Yu-ran Zhou, He Huang, Yu Cai, Qing Zhang, Peng Sun

Figure 2. Effects of LVNS and RVNS on arrhythmia severity and cardiac function after CA/CPR. A: representative instances of different types of ventricular arrhythmias during the first 60 minutes after ROSC; B: arrhythmia score during the first 60 minutes after ROSC in each group (compared with sham, *P<0.05); C: total number of VT+VF episodes and total number of VEB episodes during the first 60 minutes after ROSC in each group (*P<0.05); D: representative echocardiogram images obtained at one hour after ROSC; E: left ventricular EF of each group (compared with CPR, *P<0.05); F: left ventricular FS of each group (compared with CPR, *P<0.05); VEB: ventricular ectopic beat; VT: ventricular tachycardia; VF: ventricular fibrillation; CPR: cardiopulmonary resuscitation; LVNS: left-sided vagus nerve stimulation; RVNS: right-sided vagus nerve stimulation; ROSC: return of spontaneous circulation; EF: ejection fraction; FS: fractional shortening; CA: cardiac arrest.