Effects of metabolic syndrome on onset age and long-term outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Jing-jing Xu, Ying Song, Ping Jiang, Lin Jiang, Xue-yan Zhao, Zhan Gao, Jian-xin Li, Shu-bin Qiao, Run-lin Gao, Yue-jin Yang, Yin Zhang, Bo Xu, Jin-qing Yuan

Table 1 Patients’ baseline characteristics between two groups

Parameters Early-onset ACS (n=1,558) Late-onset ACS (n=3,044) P-value Demographics Age (years) 47.27±6.30 63.17±7.60 <0.001* Female, n (%) 404 (25.9) 737 (24.2) 0.201 BMI (kg/m2) 26.49±3.31 25.51±3.13 <0.001* Risk factors and medical history, n (%) Hypertension history 946 (60.7) 1,959 (64.4) 0.016* Diabetes mellitus 391 (25.1) 866 (28.4) 0.016* Hyperlipidemia 1,103 (65.0) 1,915 (62.9) 0.159 Family history of CAD 431 (27.7) 690 (22.7) <0.001* Smoking history 895 (57.4) 1,696 (55.7) 0.510 Previous stroke 79 (5.1) 392 (12.9) <0.001* Peripheral vascular disease 16 (1.0) 69 (2.3) 0.003* Examination White blood cell count before PCI (×109/L) 7.12±1.91 6.90±1.85 <0.001* HGB before PCI (g/L) 143.46±15.43 139.26±16.27 <0.001* PLT before PCI (×109/L) 223.58±57.09 206.97±56.22 <0.001* HbAlc (%) 6.53±1.33 6.56±1.18 0.483 B-brain natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) 680.73±386.46 804.05±719.57 <0.001* Big endothelin (pmol/L) 0.26±0.22 0.29±0.27 <0.001* Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h) 11.35±11.46 12.51±12.66 0.003* TC (mmol/L) 4.35±1.13 4.21±0.99 <0.001* LDL-C (mmol/L) 2.62±0.96 2.52±0.85 <0.001* HDL-C (mmol/L) 0.98±0.27 1.05±0.29 <0.001* Triglyceride (mmol/L) 2.04±1.27 1.70±0.97 <0.001* Uric acid (μmol/L) 348.50±87.75 334.56±83.25 <0.001* eGFR (mL/[minute·1.73 m2]) 100.82±11.81 87.36±14.11 <0.001* LVEF (%) 63.52±6.54 63.27±6.78 0.229 Angiographic and procedural characteristics LM or 3-vessel disease, n (%) 60 (3.9) 124 (4.1) 0.715 Complex lesion (lesion of type B2 or C), n (%) 1,158 (74.3) 2,291 (75.3) 0.488 Bifurcation disease, n (%) 308 (19.8) 582 (19.1) 0.598 Occlusion disease, n (%) 323 (20.7) 524 (17.2) 0.004* Syntax score 11.11±7.42 11.97±7.89 <0.001* Number of target lesion 1.41±0.68 1.41±0.65 0.632 Number of stents per patient 1.78±1.11 1.83±1.05 0.127 Antiplatelet therapy duration Aspirin duration >1 year, n (%) 1,533 (98.4) 2,965 (97.1) 0.008* Clopidogrel duration >1 year, n (%) 1,502 (96.4) 2,921 (96.0) 0.459 Dual antiplatelet therapy >1 year, n (%) 1,067 (68.5) 2,016 (66.2) 0.123 ACS type, n (%) STEMI 436 (28.0) 637 (20.9) <0.001* NSTEMI 128 (8.2) 241 (7.9) 0.502 UA 994 (63.8) 2,166 (71.2) <0.001*