Factors associated with refractory pain in emergency patients admitted to emergency general surgery

William Gilliam, Jackson F. Barr, Brandon Bruns, Brandon Cave, Jordan Mitchell, Tina Nguyen, Jamie Palmer, Mark Rose, Safura Tanveer, Chris Yum, Quincy K. Tran

Figure 1. Patient selection diagram. ED: emergency department; EGS: emergency general surgery; NRS: numerating rate scale.