World Journal of Emergency Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (6): 609-613.doi: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2025.120
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Wei Song(
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Received:2025-03-10
Accepted:2025-09-26
Online:2025-11-13
Published:2025-11-01
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Wei Song, Email: swhn1212@aliyun.comWei Song. Current and emerging innovations in technology, strategy, and artificial intelligence: a new era in cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation[J]. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2025, 16(6): 609-613.
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URL: http://wjem.com.cn/EN/10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2025.120
Table 1
Comparison of the three types of mechanical circulatory support devices
| Features | ECPR | pLVADs | REBOA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanism | Use an ECMO machine to provide complete cardiopulmonary support (artificial heart and lung) | Insert a miniature pump percutaneously into the left ventricular to pump blood directly into the aorta, partially replacing the heart pumping function | Inflate a balloon in the aorta to physically occlude blood flow, prioritizing limited flow to the heart and brain |
| Circulatory support | Full support | Partial support | No active support |
| Respiratory support | Yes (oxygenation via membrane lung) | No | No |
| Primary indications | 1) Refractory cardiac arrest unresponsive to conventional CPR 2) Reversible cardiac arrest etiologies 3) Younger age and the absence of major comorbidities | 1) Cardiogenic shock 2) Hemodynamic support for high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention 3) A bridge to therapy or recovery | 1) Traumatic cardiac arrest 2) Refractory non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (experimental) 3) Adjunct to ECPR |
| Advantages | 1) Provide powerful cardiopulmonary support 2) Associated with the highest rate of survival with a good neurological outcome | 1) Reduce cardiac workload 2) Increase cardiac output and coronary flow 3) Be implanted with a less invasive, percutaneous technique | 1) Rapidly increase coronary and cerebral perfusion pressure 2) With potential for pre-hospital use 3) Control abdominal/pelvic hemorrhage simultaneously |
| Disadvantages | 1) Resource-intensive 2) A high rate of serious complications, including bleeding, infection, limb ischemia, and thrombosis 3) Suitable for a rigorously identified patient population | 1) Do not provide oxygenation support 2) Insufficient flow for a complete cardiac standstill 3) Risks include hemolysis, valve injury, or device malposition | 1) Cause severe distal organ ischemia and acidosis 2) Balloon deflation cause fatal reperfusion injury |
Figure 1.
Cycle of survival during the managment of resuscitation.
Figure 2.
Three revolutionary innovations for CPR. CA: cardiac arrest; CPR: cardiopulmonary resuscitation; AI: artificial intelligence.
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